যেসকল ক্ষেত্রে Verb এর সাথে ing (v+ing) যোগ করতে হয়

১. “To” ব্যতিত, বাকিসব preposition এরপর (in, on, by, with, without, into, before, after…..)
Example:
a) By reading attentively, you can make a good result.
b) You cannot be respected, without respecting others.

২. while এরপর Verb থাকলে তার সাথে ing যোগ হবে।
While এরপর Subject থাকলে, তারপর was/were লিখে তারপর v+ing হবে।

Example :
c) A snake bit her while walking through the garden.
d) A snake bit her while she was walking through the garden.

৩. অল্পকিছু, ক্ষেত্রে “to” এরপরেও v+ing হয়। যেমন- with a view to, look forward to, addicted to, suppose to, oppose to, accustomed to, object to, get/be used to…..
Example:
e) We go to school with a view to learning.
f) He is not addicted to making TikTok video.

৪. Simple Sentence এ (Assertive format এ) শুরুতেই main verb আসলে তার সাথে ing যোগ হবে।

Example :
g) Making the best use of time, you may be successful in life.
h) Opening the door, he went out.

The “verb + ing” form, known as the present participle, is used in various grammatical constructions in English. Here are some key uses:

1. Continuous Tenses:
Present Continuous: Formed by combining the present tense of the verb “to be” with the present participle of the main verb. It is used to describe actions that are happening at the moment of speaking or around the present time.
Example: She is **reading** a book.
–Past Continuous: Formed by combining the past tense of the verb “to be” with the present participle of the main verb. It is used to describe actions that were ongoing in the past.
Example: They were **playing** basketball when it started to rain.

2. Gerunds:
– A gerund is a verb form ending in “-ing” that functions as a noun in a sentence. It can be the subject or object of a verb, or it can follow prepositions.
Example: **Swimming** is good exercise. (subject)
Example: I enjoy **reading**. (object)
Example: She is good at **painting**. (following preposition “at”)

3. Participial Phrases:
– Present participles can be used in participial phrases, which add additional information to a sentence.
Example: **Running quickly**, she caught the bus.

4. Adjectives:
– Present participles can function as adjectives, describing nouns.
Example: The **barking** dog startled the cat.

5. Continuous Infinitives:
– In some cases, “to be” followed by a present participle can form continuous infinitives, indicating an ongoing action.
Example: She seems **to be singing** loudly.

Overall, the present participle form of a verb is versatile and can be used in various grammatical structures to convey continuous action, function as a noun, modify nouns, or form participial phrases.